Business
Marijuana manufacturer uses homegrown inputs to create one-of-a-kind edibles
Turkish delight, the sweet, chewy, powdered confection, has captured Nathan Cozzolino’s imagination since he was young.
“I thought there was a dreamy quality about it from my childhood reading,” Cozzolino, the owner-operator of Rose Los Angeles and maker of marijuana edibles brand Rose Delights, said of the candy that appears in “The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe” by C.S. Lewis.
As an adult, Cozzolino made buying Turkish delights from a neighborhood candy store an after-school ritual he shared with his son.
‘Infinite possibilities’
As an infused cannabis product, Turkish delights can be as practical as they are magical, he said.
“The formulation gives infinite possibilities in terms of the types of ingredients that you can use. You can throw anything at it and make it make sense and make it taste good,” said Cozzolino, who started the California-based cannabis company Rose Los Angeles in 2017.
Rose Delights, the brand’s marquis product, are cannabis-infused Turkish delights. Rose Los Angeles also sells packaged flower, infused chocolates and capsules.
“It gives you an opportunity to create a more shelf-stable, gummy type of product without having to introduce all sorts of weird synthetic or artificial ingredients,” Cozzolino said.
Cozzolino’s culinary team and occasional guest chefs have created an exotic selection of homegrown flavors infused with single-strain rosin from flower grown on Rose’s Farm in Penn Valley, California.
The farm also grows many of the fruits and vegetables that go into the delights. Ingredients not grown on the farm are sourced from local farmers and specialty producers.
Flavors of Rose Delights include apple-ginger-ume (a Japanese fruit similar to a plum) infused with Sunshine No. 4 rosin, pear-kimchi infused with Maltese orange rosin and, in a nod to the traditional Turkish delight, two types of rose hibiscus: one infused with Fruit Gushers (an indica strain) and the other with Super Lemon Mac (a sativa).
“The whole intention behind Rose Delights was to create an edible product that took responsibility for and cultivated the majority of its inputs,” Cozzolino said.
Farm and flower
The process begins at Rose’s Farm, a property in central California that includes a 10,000-square-foot cannabis garden.
Rose Los Angeles uses only a fraction of the garden to grow roughly 300 plants, which typically yield about 500 pounds of dry cannabis.
Of that, 100 pounds is selected for manufacturing rosin, which will go into Turkish delights or chocolates, and the rest is sold as packaged flower.
If Rose maxed out its grow space, it could harvest more than 1,000 pounds of flower and produce 30,000 packages of Rose Delights per month, Cozzolino said, adding: “We just focus on the genetics that are inspiring.”
Cozzolino noted that Rose uses the same grades of flower for rosin pressing that it sells as packaged bud.
“Whether we’re packaging it for prepackaged flower sales or we’re putting it in a 35-micron bag for pressing, the process all the way up until the very end is exactly the same. So, all of our flower is treated like smokable flower,” he said.
“It’s all graded similarly; we’re not only pressing smalls, we’re pressing 7-gram buds.”
After harvesting, the flower is cured for 10-14 days and then stored in bins separated by strain. It often won’t be trimmed until it’s ready for sale or pressing.
Rose’s trimmers are careful not to overtrim buds, which can cause unnecessarily trichome loss.
“For pressing, we want to preserve those. But we get off anything that could affect the flavor—so anything that’s not trichrome-encrusted. And then, a lot of the sugar leaf goes away as well. We take it down pretty close to just the bud,” Cozzolino said.
“We pretty much process that same exact way that you would process to package smokable flower, except instead of putting it in flower packaging, we put it into a nylon mesh bag for pressing.”
Pressed to impress
The flower then goes to Rose’s 3,000-square-foot facility in San Francisco’s Mission District, where it is pressed.
The facility also is home to Rose’s kitchen, where the edibles are made, as well as a curing room where the delights are cured.
For pressing, the flower is put in 35-micron bags (about the size of a single human hair, Cozzolino said) that can hold up to a half-pound of flower.
Rose uses Sasquatch Yeti rosin presses of various sizes and presses at low heat, averaging about 210 degrees, depending on the strain.
While some rosin-makers will double-press a bag to extract the maximum amount of rosin, Rose does a single press to avoid “overtoasting” the flower and creating rosin that tastes burnt.
“We do short-duration low heat in order to preserve the aromas and terpenes and not toast that flower before we cook with it,” Cozzolino said.
One pound of flower yields 60-90 grams of rosin, Cozzolino said, adding that whole-plant pressed rosin has the same terpene, cannabinoid and chemical profile as the original flower.
Perfecting recipes
After pressing, the rosin is decarboxylated for up to a few hours, depending on the volume; it is then added to whatever carrier fat is going to be used in the recipe.
One thing that differentiates Rose Delights is that they are made with potato starch, while conventional gummies are made with pectin.
The difference is important, Cozzolino said, because with potato starch, the delights won’t melt below 180 degrees. Conventional gummies, he said, can melt at half the temperature.
“Our formulation has a higher melting point, so it’s something that you can take with you in your pocket at Coachella and not worry about it melting,” Cozzolino said.
Rose’s recipes are unique and high end.
The apple-ume recipe, for example, is made with “cult classic” Bernie’s Best apple cider from Northern California, house-made ume plum syrup and a bit of fresh-pressed ginger juice. The mixture is infused with rosin pressed from Sunshine No. 4 flower.
High Energy Rose Delights are made from house-made green juice that includes spinach, watercress, cucumber, lemon and pear, blended with 90 phenotypes of the Congolese Bubblegum strain from Purple City, a partner farm.
“It was an exclusive collaboration for this High Energy recipe,” Cozzolino said.
Because Rose Farm grows from seed and not from clones, it can blend phenotypes “to get a more robust expression” of terpenes, cannabinoids and other chemical compounds in each strain.
“The purpose behind that is, yes, it’s 5 milligrams of Congolese Bubblegum, but it’s a really robust 5 milligrams because it has all the phenotypic expressions across the 90 phenos,” he said.
Curing the delights
After being unmolded, the delights are cured for six to eight weeks. Most other gummies are cured for a few days, Cozzolino said.
The delights are cured at room temperature on parchment paper at Rose’s kitchen in San Francisco.
“We have a constant cycle of curing happening at our (kitchen) facility. Half of our facility is a curing room where we’re letting the fruit and other natural ingredients in Rose Delights reach a point where we’re comfortable that they’re ready to package. It’s always a moving target because our ingredients are different all the time,” Cozzolino said.
He noted that Rose Delights makes several products that are always available, plus seasonal offerings.
“Those things get taken out three times during the curing phase, bounced around, repowdered and resituated; parchment paper is changed out. The number of touch points with Rose Delights is extremely high.”
Even though 30% to 40% of the recipes call for fruit, Rose Delights are extremely shelf-stable because they are suspended in sugar, which acts as a preservative.
Cozzolino said the delights can be good for up to three or four years. “Preserved fruits can age a long time, even at room temperature,” he said.
The fruit decides
How the Rose team makes each recipe changes with every batch because the fruit used is different every time.
So, Rose’s chefs chart their culinary course according to each new batch of fruit and its characteristics.
The brand’s many methods include poaching fruit before pureeing, using an immersion blender or a tabletop blender.
Sometimes the Delights are heated with an induction cooker; other times, employees use kettle cookers.
On some occasions, the team hand-cuts fruit; other times, it goes through a confectionary depositor or a confectionery cutter.
“That’s also unique about our recipes: They’re not stagnant; they’re always changing, depending on the fruit. Fruit preservers, jam-makers, they start with the produce; then, they build around that,” Cozzolino said.
Paraphrasing a lesson he learned in a class with master jam-maker June Taylor, he added: “You have a relationship with your farmers who have a relationship with your produce. And then everything stems from there.”
“There’s an improvisational element. And I think that doesn’t often happen with edibles manufacturing. Everything is about standardized SOPs. And you know, we have SOPs that we follow, but there is always a component of improvisation with the production of Rose Delights.”
Rose recently opened a rosin-pressing and kitchen facility in Albany, New York, where Cozzolino hopes to replicate the success that his company has had in California. The press cost $150,000.
“With low amounts of equipment, we can really cover a lot of ground and produce at a pretty high rate, considering the style of products that we’re making using seasonal produce,” Cozzolino said.
“I think we’ve surprised everybody and proven that you can design something like this and have a direct connection to an agricultural network and produce at scale.”
Source: https://mjbizdaily.com/cannabis-manufacturer-uses-homegrown-inputs-for-edibles/
Airports across India witnessed scenes of distress and confusion as thousands of passengers were stranded due to IndiGo’s massive flight disruptions. Families with medical emergencies, funerals, and personal crises were left helpless as the airline cancelled hundreds of flights without adequate communication or support.
Passengers described desperate situations — a mother pleading for sanitary pads for her daughter, a woman unable to transport her husband’s coffin, and others stranded while trying to reach family funerals or hospitals. “It was like a lockdown at the airport,” one passenger said, describing the panic that unfolded as IndiGo’s mismanagement crippled operations nationwide.
Root Cause: IndiGo’s Market Monopoly
The turmoil, industry experts argue, stems from IndiGo’s monopolistic control over India’s domestic aviation market. The airline operates nearly 2,100 flights daily and holds around 60% market share — meaning every second plane flying within India belongs to IndiGo.
This dominance has given the company unparalleled influence. When IndiGo falters, the entire aviation system suffers. Passengers are left with few alternatives, as other airlines lack capacity to absorb stranded travellers. The result: skyrocketing ticket prices, chaos at terminals, and total dependence on a single private operator.
Aviation pioneer Captain G.R. Gopinath, founder of Air Deccan, criticised the government’s inaction, noting that on some routes, IndiGo’s economy fares surged to ₹1 lakh. He compared the situation to a hostage crisis, writing that the airline “held the system ransom” and forced regulators to defer new safety rules meant to protect pilots and passengers.
Government Intervention and Regulatory Weakness
The crisis erupted after IndiGo failed to comply with the Flight Duty Time Limitations (FDTL) — rules introduced by the DGCA in January 2024 requiring adequate rest for pilots. Despite having nearly two years to adapt, IndiGo blamed the rule for operational disruptions, citing a shortage of pilots.
Under mounting public pressure, the government stepped in, temporarily relaxing FDTL norms and capping airfare hikes. Officials claimed the move was to protect passengers, but analysts say it exposed the state’s vulnerability to corporate monopolies. “The government had no option but to yield,” said one aviation policy expert, pointing out that ignoring safety regulations for short-term relief could have long-term consequences.
The crisis also rekindled memories of the June 2025 Air India crash near London, which claimed over 240 lives. Experts warn that compromising pilot rest and safety standards to maintain flight schedules could risk another tragedy.
If Telecom Giants Fail: A National Paralysis
The article raises a troubling question — what if a similar crisis struck the telecom sector, where Jio and Airtel together control nearly 80% of subscribers and serve over 780 million users?
If both networks failed simultaneously, the repercussions would be catastrophic. Internet shutdowns would halt UPI transactions, online banking, OTP verifications, video calls, OTT streaming, and emergency communications. Critical services such as airports, hospitals, stock exchanges, and small businesses — many of which rely on WhatsApp and digital payments — would come to a standstill.
In essence, a telecom breakdown could paralyse India’s digital economy, exposing the nation’s dependence on a duopoly.
E-commerce Monopoly: Another Fragile Ecosystem
The same risk looms over the e-commerce sector, where Amazon and Flipkart dominate nearly 80% of the market. A disruption similar to IndiGo’s could cripple daily life — halting delivery of groceries, medicines, and essential goods, freezing refunds and customer support, and leaving small sellers without platforms to trade.
Local retailers, freed from competition, might exploit shortages by inflating prices. Such a scenario underscores the perils of market centralisation in sectors critical to everyday living.
A Wake-Up Call for Regulators
The IndiGo crisis, analysts say, is a warning shot for policymakers and regulators. A single company’s operational failure exposed systemic weaknesses in India’s infrastructure and consumer protection mechanisms.
As the aviation regulator DGCA investigates and IndiGo works to restore normalcy, the broader lesson remains clear: unchecked monopoly power in any essential service — whether air travel, telecom, or e-commerce — poses a direct threat to economic stability and citizen welfare.
Without stronger competition laws, redundancy frameworks, and regulatory oversight, India risks repeating this crisis across multiple sectors — each time with millions of citizens paying the price.
Agriculture & Life Sciences
Canada’s Cannabis Industry Urges Government to Support Growing Export Market
BuzzBuzz Cannabis Business News — 24 November 2025
Canada’s cannabis sector is calling on federal and provincial governments to recognize its fast-growing export potential and extend the same support other regulated industries receive. Industry leaders warn that Canada is losing its early global advantage due to slow regulatory processes, lack of trade promotion, and limited access to government-backed financing.
Canada’s medical-cannabis exporters now generate more than half a billion dollars annually and ship products to major markets including Germany, the UK, Australia, and Poland. Despite this, cannabis remains largely absent from Canada’s official trade and export strategies.
Industry Calls for Streamlined Export System
Paul McCarthy, President of the Cannabis Council of Canada, says the country has everything required to dominate the global medical cannabis trade—except government alignment.
“Our requests are simple,” McCarthy said. “Expedite Health Canada’s export-permit process, integrate cannabis into federal export programs like Global Affairs Canada trade missions and CanExport, and ensure provinces include cannabis in their export strategies.”
He stressed the need for mutual recognition agreements with importing countries to eliminate redundant testing and documentation. Access to Export Development Canada (EDC) and Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC) services also remains off-limits to cannabis exporters, placing them at a steep disadvantage.
“This industry does not just need permission to operate,” McCarthy added. “It needs to be treated like every other legitimate contributor to Canada’s trade objectives.”
Competitors Are Moving Faster
McCarthy warns that while Canada pioneered medical cannabis standards, other countries are rapidly advancing with more flexible and export-friendly systems.
“Faster approvals, lower compliance costs, and active government-backed strategies are helping other nations catch up,” he said. “Canada’s regulatory friction is already costing us global market share.”
Export permits currently must be issued for each shipment—a process that can take weeks—and Canadian testing standards often differ from international requirements, forcing companies to repeat expensive compliance checks.
High Tide CEO: Canada Needs a National Export Strategy
Raj Grover, CEO of High Tide Inc., says Canada risks surrendering its leadership if policymakers remain inactive.
“Canada developed the world’s most advanced cannabis regulatory system and contributed $76.5 billion to GDP since legalization,” Grover said. “But without a National Cannabis Export Strategy, we will lose ground to Australia, Israel, Portugal, and other emerging competitors.”
He noted that Canada’s industry table created by Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED) has not met in more than a year—an opportunity wasted.
Grover urged the federal government to introduce domestic GMP certification and potency standards to streamline international market access. “Canadian producers must currently get GMP approval country by country. It’s duplicative and costly. Canada should be setting global benchmarks, not chasing them.”
Germany: A Key Market for Canadian Firms
High Tide recently expanded into Europe with its majority acquisition of Germany’s Remexian Pharma GmbH, giving the company a direct import and distribution channel in Europe’s largest medical-cannabis market.
“Our German strategy is already structured for success,” Grover said. “Through Remexian, we can supply premium medical cannabis at the lowest possible price, helping meet Germany’s quality and cost demands.”
Grover also warned that U.S. companies are already purchasing Canadian firms to stage their own international expansion—another sign that Canada’s leadership position is slipping.
Government Response Remains Limited
In response to industry concerns, a Global Affairs Canada spokesperson said the Trade Commissioner Service “continues to support exporters of cannabis for medical and scientific purposes that have obtained Health Canada permits.”
However, industry leaders argue that this support is minimal and does not include key tools such as trade missions, export credits, or bilateral agreements that other sectors routinely receive.
A Closing Window of Opportunity
With medical-cannabis exports already exceeding $500 million annually, industry executives say Canada must act quickly to preserve its competitive edge.
As McCarthy warns, without coordinated government support, Canada risks losing high-value pharmaceutical manufacturing, research investments, and thousands of skilled jobs.
And as Grover’s expansion into Germany demonstrates, the industry is moving forward—but whether Canada moves with it may determine if the country remains a global leader or becomes a pioneer that let others capitalize on its breakthroughs.
Business
A Tipping Point for Cannabis: President Trump Champions CBD & Cannabis Science on Truth Social
When the President of the United States shares a video about the life changing potential of hemp derived CBD on his personal social media platform, it is more than news, it is a cultural shift.
For decades our government lied to us about cannabis. It demonized the plant, waged war on its users, and filled prisons while allowing pharmaceutical companies to flood the nation with addictive and deadly drugs. For over a century we have been fighting uphill, not just for legalization, but for truth, for science, and for the right to heal ourselves naturally.
Now in 2025, the most powerful political figure on Earth is using his own voice and platform to talk about the endocannabinoid system and the science backed benefits of CBD. That is monumental. It is validation for everyone who has fought, been arrested, been silenced, and been dismissed for telling this truth. The President’s video post is already being described as a pivotal moment in cannabis history, and President Trump CBD Cannabis Science Truth Social is trending across platforms as advocates celebrate the breakthrough.
The Science Behind the Endocannabinoid System
The video begins by introducing something most people, including many doctors, still know little about, the endocannabinoid system. Discovered in the 1990s, the ECS is a network of receptors and signaling molecules that works as the body’s master regulator, coordinating communication between major systems like the nervous, immune, cardiovascular, and digestive systems.
The roots of this discovery go back much further. CBD was first isolated in 1940 by American chemist Roger Adams, but it was Dr. Raphael Mechoulam, an Israeli organic chemist, who fully elucidated the chemical structure of CBD and identified its stereochemistry in the 1960s. His pioneering work not only opened the door to modern cannabinoid science but also earned him the title “Godfather of Cannabis Research.” It was this foundation that led to the identification of the endocannabinoid system itself decades later, revealing how cannabinoids interact with our physiology on a fundamental level.
The ECS is now widely recognized as a vital part of human biology, with extensive research supported by the National Institutes of Health. When functioning properly, the ECS acts like the conductor of an orchestra, ensuring every section plays in harmony. As we age, the system weakens. That imbalance is linked to inflammation, chronic pain, cognitive decline, sleep problems, and many other conditions associated with aging.
Mainstream medicine often addresses these issues with pharmaceutical band aids, dangerous and addictive drugs that treat symptoms rather than root causes. Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise help, but they only partially support the ECS and do so slowly over time.
Hemp Derived CBD: A Game Changer for Aging
Here is where the science gets exciting. As the video explains, the ECS can be restored much more quickly with hemp derived CBD. Strengthening this system naturally helps the body regain balance, reducing pain, improving sleep, lowering stress, slowing disease progression, and even extending healthy lifespan.
It is not theoretical. One in five seniors is already using CBD to manage pain, arthritis, cancer symptoms, sleep disorders, Alzheimer’s, and more. Despite decades of research and acknowledgment from institutions like the National Institutes of Health, most physicians receive no training on the ECS. There are still no FDA standards for CBD products on the market. If that were the case for any other class of medicine, it would be considered malpractice.
The World Health Organization has confirmed CBD’s excellent safety profile and non addictive nature in its critical review report. The result is that millions of older Americans are suffering unnecessarily when a safe and natural solution exists.
Hemp derived CBD is a powerful first step in restoring balance to the endocannabinoid system, but it is only part of the picture. Research shows that full spectrum cannabis extracts, which include a broader range of cannabinoids and terpenes, can work even more effectively. Complete concentrated cannabis oil, containing the full spectrum of natural endocannabinoids, may deliver the most profound results for certain patients. Expanding access to these therapies will be essential if we want to unlock the full healing potential of this plant.
The Economic and Social Impact
The video cites a powerful figure. A PricewaterhouseCoopers analysis estimates that fully integrating cannabis into the healthcare system could save the United States nearly 64 billion dollars annually. These savings reflect reduced pharmaceutical dependency, fewer hospitalizations, improved chronic disease outcomes, and enhanced quality of life for aging Americans. You can read more about PwC’s research on healthcare innovation here.
It is a financial argument, but it is also a moral one. Why should our elders endure pain, anxiety, and cognitive decline when nature has given us tools to help them live longer, happier, and healthier lives?
A Call to Action: Finish What the Farm Bill Started
The message concludes by crediting the 2018 Farm Bill, championed by President Trump, for legalizing hemp and laying the groundwork for today’s CBD market. The Farm Bill was just the first step.
Now the call is for bold next moves.
- Educate doctors about the endocannabinoid system
- Include CBD under Medicare coverage
- Provide clear federal standards for CBD quality and dosing
These steps would constitute the most significant senior health reform in modern history, one that would transform aging and cement a powerful legacy for any administration that makes it happen.
What This Means for Future Cannabis Medicine
For those of us who have been in the cannabis community for decades, this is not just another news story. It is a signal that our movement is winning. A conversation that was once criminalized and censored is now being amplified by the President of the United States on his own platform.
It means the science is undeniable. It means the truth can no longer be buried. It means the wall of prohibition is cracking, not just legally, but culturally, scientifically, and politically.
It also means that everything we have been fighting for at 420 Magazine since 1993, education, access, healing, and justice, is finally moving full steam ahead. The President Trump CBD Cannabis Science Truth Social moment is proof that science and policy are finally converging.
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